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than用法的七个关键要点
作者:JDG  文章来源:本站原创  点击数  更新时间:2016-12-15  文章录入:admin  责任编辑:admin



than用法的七个关键要点

 

1. 在通常情况下,后接人称代词时可用主格也可用宾格,含义一样。如

He is taller than I [me]. 他比我高。

He swims faster than she [her]. 他比她游泳游得快。

若人称代词之后跟有动词,则只能用主格。如

He is taller than I am. 他比我高。

He swims faster than she does. 他比她游泳游得快。

有时用主格或宾格会导致意思的变化。比较:

I like you better than he (likes you). 我比他更喜欢你。

I like you better than (he likes) him. 我喜欢你胜过喜欢他。

2. 通常不与由 and 连接的两个比较级连用。如:

误:It’s colder and colder than ever

误:Computers are cheaper and cheaper than before.

误:She is more and more interested in English than last year.

改正的办法:要么去掉后面的than结构,要么将and与一个比较级。如说成:It is colder than ever. It is colder and colder. 等。

3. than 通常用于两个不同的人或物在同一方面进行比较,但有时指的可能是同一个人或物在同两个不同的方面进行比较。如:

He’s more fat than (he’s) short. 与其说他矮不如说他胖。

They are more brave than wise. 他们有勇无谋。

此类结构只能用 more 构成比较级,不能用-er 形式,即使是单音节也是如此。

4. than any other后接名词时通常用单数形式,很少用复数。如

He swims faster than any other student in his class. 他比班上的其他任何学生都游得快。

5. 当连接两个非谓语动词时,通常应保持用前后一致的形式。如:

他认为他自己开车比让我开车要更安全些。

He thinks it is safer to drive himself than (to) let me drive.

He thinks that driving himself is safer than letting me drive.

若不是连接两个非谓语动词,但其后出现有动词,则该动词通常用动名词(虽然也可用不定式,但不如用动名词普通)。如:

I cleaned my shoes, which was better than doing nothing. 我把鞋子擦干净了,这比闲着什么都不干要好。

Nothing is more unpleasant than finding [to find] insects in your bath. 最使人不快的是在浴室里发现有虫子。

5. 类似以下这类句子,可以认为 than就是这类句子主语,也可认为than后省略了what

He never says more than is necessary. 没有必要的话,他从不多说。

There were more deaths than was first supposed. 死亡人数比最先预料的要多。

有时这类句子的省略可以多种形式,且有时其主语可补充完整。如:

他比预料的要来得早。

He came earlier than expected.

He came earlier than was expected.

He came earlier than he was expected.

6. 带有never (a) 的比较级结构后连用了than时,是一种强调说法,通常表示最高级的含义。如

I’ve never had a worse morning than today. 我哪一天早上也不像今天早上这样倒霉。

若意思明确,有时可省略than结构。如

He is fine, never better. 他很好,比以往任何时候都好。

I’ve never found a better job. 这是我找到的最好的工作。

7. 若语义需要,有时可后接when, if等引导的从句。如:

You are a little fatter than when I saw you last. 你比我上次见你时胖点了。

They work better together than if they are alone. 他们一起干比他们单干效果要好。

有时还可接没有任何引导词的句子。如:

The game was closer than the score suggests. 实际的比赛与所得的分数相比更难分高下。

 

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