不定式和现在分词作结果状语的区别

不定式和现在分词均可用结果状语，但两者用法有区别：

(1) 现在分词用作结果状语

通常表示一种自然的结果，即属预料之中的事。如：

He died, leaving his wife with five children. 他死了，留下他妻子和五个儿子。

The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. 那孩子跌倒了，头碰在门上磕破了。

(2) 不定式用作结果状语

主要表示没有预料到的情况或结果，即属预料之外的事。该用法通常与副词only连用。如：

He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet. 他搬起石头砸了自己的脚。

He hurried to the house only to find that it was empty. 他急忙赶到那所房子，却发现空无一人。

She got there only to be told that they had gone on holiday. 她到达那里，被告知他们度假去了。

注意：并非所有表示结果的不定式都含有这种“意外”的效果。如：

What have I done to offend you. 我干什么惹你生气了?

The tea is too hot to drink. 茶太热，不能喝。