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《高中英语语法大全》(word下载版)
作者:HMYY  文章来源:本站原创  点击数  更新时间:2011-06-10  文章录入:admin  责任编辑:admin

 

What friends [=All the friends that] he has are out of the country. 他所有的朋友都在国外。

3. whatever, whoever, whichever用法说明。主要用于引导主语从句和宾语从句:

He does whatever she asks him to do. 她要他做什么,他就做什么。

Whoever breaks the rules will be punished. 谁违反这些规则都将受到处罚。

I'll give the ticket to whoever wants it. 请想要这票,我就把它给谁。

Whichever team gains the most points wins. 哪个队得分最多,哪个队就赢。

注:其中的 ever 主要用于加强语气,含有一切任何无论之义。使用这类词时,注意不要按汉语习惯用错句子结构:

任何人()先来都可以得到一张票。

误:Anyone comes first can get a ticket. / Who comes first can get a ticket.

正:Anyone who comes first can get a ticket./ Whoever comes first can get a ticket.

九、不定代词

1. 不定代词概说。英语的不定代词有 all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no,  few,  little, both, enough, every 等,以及由 some, any, no every 构成的合成代词(somebody, anyone, nothing )。在这些不定代词中,多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语,但是代词 none 以及由 some, any, no every 构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语,不能作定语,而 no every 则只用作定语。

2. 指两者和三者的不定代词。有些不定代词用于指两者(both, either, neither),有的不定代词用于指三者(all, any, none, every),注意不要弄混:

Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。

All of the students are interested in it. 所有的学生对此都很感兴趣。

There are trees on any side of the square. 广场的每一边都种有树。

He has two sons, neither of whom is rich. 他有两个儿子,都不富有。

He has three sons, none of whom is rich. 他有三个儿子,都不富有。

注:each 可用于两者、三者或三者以上,而 every 只用于三者或三者以上,因此用于两者时只能用 each,不能用 every。如不能说 There are trees on every side of the road.

3. 复合不定代词的用法特点。复合不定代词包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等。它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语,但不能用作定语。something, someone 等和 anything, anyone等的区别与 some any 的区别一样,前者一般用于肯定句,后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句(参见 any & some)。具体使用时应注意以下几点:

(1) 复合不定代词受定语修饰时,定语应放在它们后面:

There is nothing wrong with the radio. 这收音机没有毛病。

Have you seen anyone [anybody] famous?  你见过名人吗?

(2) 指人的复合不定代词若用作主语,其谓语动词一般用单数,相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数 he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词 they, them, their

Everyone knows this, doesn't he [don't they]? 人人都知道这一点,不是吗?

If anybody [anyone] comes, ask him [them] to wait. 要是有人来,让他等着。

(3) 指事物的复合不定代词若用作主语,谓语动词只能用单数,相应的人称代词也只能用 it,而不用 they

Everything is ready, isn't it?  一切都准备好了,是吗?

(4) anyone, everyone 等只能指人,不能指物,且其后一般不接of 短语。若是指物或后接 of 短语,可用 any one, every one (分开写)

any one of the boys (books) 孩子们()当中的任何一个()

every one of the students (schools) 每一个学生(一所学校)

 

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