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为 forbid…from doing sth 正名 |
作者:李 翔 文章来源:本站原创 点击数 更新时间:2010-05-31 文章录入:李翔 责任编辑:admin |
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为 forbid…from doing sth 正名
本站特约作者 李 翔
在中国人编著的工具书中,明确表示“forbid… from doing sth”不正确的、出版比较早的有:葛传槼编著《英语惯用法词典》(新修订本)(时代出版社 1960年4月修订再版)p263: forbid 不可接“from”和gerund;如不可说“His health forbids from going。” 另外,主要的还有: 1. 周国珍主编《英语正误详解词典》(复旦大学出版社,2000年1 0月第1版)p305: 【误】The storm forbade us from proceeding. 【正】The storm forbade us to proceed. 【解释】表示“禁止”“不准”时,应该是“forbid sb. to do sth”:He forbade the dog to enter the kichen.(他禁止狗进厨房。) 2. 周贞雄编著《大学英语重点词正误用法手册》(中国国际广播出版社 2002年1 月北京第1版)p193: 我父亲不准我用他的车。 × My fatther forbade me from using his car. √ My fatther forbade me to use his car. √My fatther forbade my using his car. 析:记住forbid的三个常用句型:forbid doing sth 不准做某事,forbid sb to do sth不准某人做某事,forbid sb’s doing sth 不准做某人某事。对于forbid sb (from) doing sth这个结构,目前尚有争议,有的词书认为可以用,有的词书认为不可以用,由于近年来还有不少权威考题(如1997年的考研题)还在对此类句型改错,所以建议考生以不用为宜。(笔者注:1997年的考研改错题为:Because of recent accidents, our parents forbid my brother and me from swimming in the river unless someone agrees to watch over us. 参考答案认为:from swimming有错,应改为to swim) 然而,现在这种说法已经不符合英语的实际情况,实际上,早就应该为“forbid…from doing sth”恢复名誉了。不能因为某些所谓的“权威考题”的反对而置事实于不顾。 事实上,比所谓的“权威考题”更权威的牛津、朗文和剑桥词典已经把forbid…from doing sth收录其中。请看以下例证: 1. N D Turton and J B Heaton主编的Longman Dictionary of Common Errors(Eleventh impression 2003)p142: √ There should be a law which forbids couples to have / from having more than two children. forbid +sb +to to do / from doing sth: … “Her father ought to forbid her from seeing the boy again.” 2.《朗文当代高级英语辞典》(英英•英汉双解)(外语教学与研究出版社2004年7月第1版) p755: forbid sb from doing sth Women are forbidden from going out without a veil. 妇女不戴面纱禁止外出。 3. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English(http://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary): forbid somebody from doing something Women are forbidden from going out without a veil. 4.《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》(第六版)(商务印书馆 2004年 8月第2版)p681: He forbade them from mentioning the subject again. 他不准他们再提这个问题。 5.《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》(第七版)(商务印书馆 2004年 8月第2版)p794: He forbade them from mentioning the subject again. 他不准他们再提这个问题。 6. Oxford Collocations Dictionary for Students of English的p322: He was forbidden from leaving the country. 7. Judy Pearsall主编The New Oxford Dictionary of English(上海外语教语出版社 2001年4 月第1版)p716: I was forbidden from leaving Russia. 8. Oxford English Dictionary Second Edition on CD-ROM (v.4.0)( Oxford University Press 2009): 1841 Lane Arab. Nts. I. 122 He forbade both men and women from entering them. 9. Cambridge Advanced Learners’ Dictionary Third Edition(电子版): He is forbidden from leaving the country. 另外,美国出版的在世界上享有声誉的词典也有forbid… from doing sth的例证: 1. Macmillan English Dictionary Second Edition(电子版): Army policy forbids soldiers in uniform from talking to the news media. 2. Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary of English Usage (世界图书出版公司北京公司重印 1996年12月第1版)P456: The Vatican issued an order forbidding all Catholic clergy from participating in Illich’s center.
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