英语典型语法错误100例(3)

21. 难怪他们遇到那么大的麻烦。

误：No wonder did they have so much trouble.

正：No wonder (that) they had so much trouble.

析：no wonder 后接 that 从句时(＝难怪，并不奇怪)，其后的句子不用倒装。又如：No wonder (that) she didn’t like it. 难怪她不喜欢这东西。注：该结构为 It’s no wonder that...之省略，其中的 no 也可用 little, small 等代之，如：Small wonder that he was so tired. 难怪他那么累。It’s no wonder you can’t sleep when you eat so much. 你吃得太饱，自然睡不着。

22. 很多人本来可以获救的却死了。

误：A lot of men died who could be saved.

正：A lot of men died who could have been saved.

析：对过去情况进行推测，要在情态动词后接完成式，而不能接一般式。有时含有责备或后悔之意。又如：

You could [might] have made greater progress. 你的进步本来可以更大一些的。

23. 你最好带些钱，以防万一。

误：You’d better carry some money for case.

正：You’d better carry some money in case.

析：in case 通常用作连词，用以引导状语从句，但有时也可单独使用，起副词作用，意为“以防万一”，不过这种用法常可与其连词用法转换，如上面一句也可说成 You’d better carry some money in case you need it. 注意：for case不合英语表达习惯。

24. 你最好不要让老板逮住你上班睡觉。

误：You’d better not let the boss catch you to sleep at work.

正：You’d better not let the boss catch you sleeping at work.

析：表示意外地碰上某人在做某事，用 catch sb doing sth。

25. 这部照相机不够好，我想换一部。

误：The camera isn’t good enough; I want to change another.

正：The camera isn’t good enough; I want to change it (for another).

析：这里说的“换一部”，其实是指用一部照相机去换另一部照相机，所以用 change sth for sth else 这一句型。又如：

You had better change that shirt for a large one. 你最好把那件衬衣去换件大号的。

26. 我们写信祝贺她当选为劳模。

误：We wrote to congratulate her to be chosen as a modern worker.

正：We wrote to congratulate her on being chosen as a modern worker.

析：congratulate(祝贺)不接不定式的复合结构作宾语。记住常用句型 congratulate sb on [upon] (doing) sth。

27. 据说新铁路正在修建当中。

误：It’s said that the new railway is under the construction.

正：It’s said that the new railway is under construction.

析：under construction 是习语，意为“在建设中”“在兴建中”，其中不用冠词。类似地还有：under discussion 在讨论中 / under fire 在炮火中 / under examination 在检查(调查)中 / under consideration 在考虑中 / under repair 在修理中 / under medical treatment 在治疗中 / under attack 受到袭击 / under study 在研究中 / under review 在检查中。

28. 我怎样与你联系?

误：How can contact with you?

正：How can contact you?

析：contact 是及物动词，其意为“与……联系”，不要按汉语意思在其后误加介词 with。注：contact的宾语除了是人外，也可以是地点，如：

I just contacted his office direct. 我直接跟他办公室联系了。

29. 如果你感到方便的话，我就来。

误：I’ll come if you are convenient.

正：I’ll come if it is convenient for [to] you.

析：convenient 的实际意思是“使人感到方便的”， 而不是“感觉到方便的”，所以不要按汉语意思将 be convenient的主语用“人”充当。比较：

Railway is convenient. 铁路方便。

Traveling is convenient for people, where there are railways. 哪里有铁路，哪里的人旅行就方便。

30. 这座教堂是六世纪建的。

误：The church was dated back to [dated from] 1176.

正：The church dates back to [dates from] 1176.

析：date back to 或 date from 两者意义相同，均指“自某时起存在至今”(=have existed since)，两者均不能用于被动语态。顺使说一句，这类句子通常用一般现在时，而不用一般过去时，除非所谈论的主体现在已不复存在。如：The church, which dated back to the 13th century, was destroyed in an earthquake two years ago.(那座教堂是13世纪建成的,两年前在一次地震中被毁了)。