陷阱3  混淆that与what的用法

that和what均可引导宾语从句，其区别是：what可在宾事从句中用作主语、宾语或表语，意为“什么”或“所……的”，而that仅起连接作用，本身没有实际意义，在从句中也不充当任何句子成分(引导宾语从句时通常可以省略)。如：

He doesn’t know what she likes. 他不知道她喜欢什么。

What you say is quite right. 你所说的相当正确。

I believe (that) he will come to see us. 我相信他会来看我们的。

It’s a pity (that) he didn’t finish college. 真遗憾他大学没毕业。

陷阱4  混淆if与whether的用法

whether与 if均可引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，常可互换。如：

He asked if [whether] we wanted a drink. 他问我们是否想喝一杯。

He didn’t tell me if [whether] he would come. 他没有告诉我他是否会来。

但是，当引导条件状语从句时，只能用 if（意为“如果”）。如：

Don’t tell him if he asks you. 如果他问你不要告诉他。

You must ask if you don’t know. 你不懂就得问。

另外，当于用于介词之后引导宾语从句，也只能用whether，不用if。如：

It depends on whether the letter arrives in time. 这取决于信是否来得及时。

I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 我担心是否伤了她的感情。

【跟踪训练】

选择最佳答案填空：

1. —What time will Mr Brown be back to China?

—Sorry. I don’t know ________.

A. when did he go abroad                B. why he is going abroad

C. how soon will he be back            D. how long he will stay abroad

2. I really want to know ________. (http://ask.yygrammar.com/)

A. what is wrong with my brother    B. how will he go to Beijing tomorrow

C. if had he bought that car             D. where did he go yesterday

3. How lovely the dog is! Can you tell me ________?

A. where did you get it                      B. where will you get it

C. where you got it                            D. where you will get it

4. —Can you tell me ________ your parents at home?

—I often wash clothes and sweep the floor.

A. how will you help                       B. how you help  

C. how you will help                       D. how do you help

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