7. 关系代词as与which的用法区别

引导非限制性定语从句时，有时两者可互换。如：

I live a long way from work, as (which) you know. 我住得离工作单位很远，这你是知道的。

(1)通常要用as的场合：

①当从句位于主句前面时，只用 as。如：

As is well known, more people get colds in wet weather. 众所周知，大多数人在雨天感冒。

②用于such, as, the same后引导限制性定语从句时，只能用as。如：

Such advice as he was given proved almost worthless. 给他提的那类建议简直毫无价值。

He smokes as expensive a cigarette as he can afford. 他抽一种他买得起的最贵的烟。

You must show my wife the same respect as you show me. 你必须对我妻子表现出与对我同样的敬重。

(2)两者的细微区别：

①as引导的非限制性定语从句应与主句在意义上和谐一致，which无此限制。如：

He went abroad, as (which) was expected. 他出国了，这是大家预料到的。

He went abroad, which was unexpected. 他出国了，这让大家感到很意外。(不用as)

②as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词通常不能是主句中某个具体的词，而应是整个句子、整个短语或某个短语推断出来的概念，而which 则无此限制。如：

The river, which flows through London, is called the Thames. 这条流经伦敦的河叫泰晤士河。(不用as)

③当as引导非限制性定语从句作主语时，其谓语通常应是连系动词，而不宜是其他动词，而 which则无此限制。如：

She has married again, as (which) seemed natural. 她又结婚了，这似乎很正常。

She has married again, which delighted us. 她又结婚了，这使我们很高兴。(不用as)

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