现在分词用作状语（九类）

现在分词用作状语时，可以表示谓语动作所发生的时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随、目的、程度和结果。如：

(1) 作时间状语

Being given a chance, she immediately jumped at it. 给了她这个机会，她立刻抓住。

Seeing the police, he made a run for the exit. 一看到警察他就向出口奔去。

Passing the place, my sense of oppression increased. 经过那地方，我的压抑感便越发厉害。

(2) 作原因状语

Being well taken care of, she recovered quickly.(www.cpsenglish.com)  她受到很好的照顾，身体恢复得很快。

Writing hurriedly as she was, she didn’t notice the spelling errors. 因为写得仓促，她没有注意其中的拼写错误。

Stepping carelessly off the pazement, he was knocked down by the bus. 他不小心离开了人行道，被公共汽车撞倒了。

(3) 作条件状语

Being advised to talk less, Mary keeps silent while we talk. 要是叫她少说点，当我们说话的时候，玛丽就会保持沉默。

It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays. 把路上的耽搁算进去，你要用半小时才能到车站。

Being defeated in every battle, the enemy will soon surrender. 要是敌人每场战斗都被打败，那他们就会投降。

(4) 作让步状语

Granting this to be true, we cannot explain it.  虽然我们承认这是事实，却无法予以说明。

While admitting that he received the stolen jewellery, he denied having taken part in the robbery. 尽管承认收受了盗窃的珠宝，但他否认参与了抢劫案。

(5) 作方式状语

You gave me such a fright creeping up on me like that! 你那样不声不响地过来，吓了我一跳。

You gave me (quite) a fright suddenly coming in here like that. 你那样突然走到这里，真吓了我一大跳。

My flight was delayed, so I killed time / killed two hours reading a book. 我那趟班机误点了，我只好看书消磨时间[打发了两小时]。

(6) 作伴随状语

The little boy went upstairs trailing his teddy bear behind him. 那小男孩儿走上楼去，还拖着他的玩具熊。

He has been courting the director, hoping to get the leading role in the play. 他一直在讨好导演，想在剧中扮演主角。

She travelled widely throughout North America lecturing on women's rights. 她在北美就妇女权利问题作巡回演讲。

(7) 作目的状语

现在分词用作目的状语的用法非常有限，主要见于那些表示人们所从事的活动方面的动词，如boating, climbing, fishing, hunting, riding, sailing, shopping, shooting, skating, skiing, swimming, walking, washing等。用例如下：

At one time I used to go skiing every winter. (www.cpsenglish.com) 我有一度每到冬季就去滑雪。

We'll go swimming if we get warn enough weather. 如果天气够暖和的话，我们就去游泳。

I'm not sacrificing my day off just to go shopping with Jane. 我可不愿牺牲一天的休假日单单陪简去买东西。 

(8) 作程度状语

现在分词作程度状语的用法也很有限，主要见于以下表达，其中的现在分词相当于程度副词，表示类似very的意义，主要用于加强语气：

boiling (煮熟似的) hot                 burning (火烧似的) hot

freezing (结冰似的) cold             perishing (毁灭地) cold

shocking (严重地) bad                soaking (湿透地) wet

sopping (湿淋淋地) wet              tearing (心碎地，激烈地) angry

thundering (惊愕地) big

He was caught in the heavy rain and got his clothes soaking wet. 他淋了一场大雨，把衣服全部弄湿了。

He wore his thin coat in freezing cold days and fell ill soon. 他在冰冷的天还穿着单薄的大衣，不久就病倒了。

(9) 作结果状语

The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. 那孩子跌倒了，头碰在门上磕破了。

I fell, striking my head against the door and cutting it. (www.cpsenglish.com) 我摔了个跟头，头撞在了门上，划了个口子。

He fell down the stairs, landing in a heap at the bottom. 他从楼梯上摔下来，直跌到楼梯底部滚成一团。

An Act was passed giving the army extraordinary powers. 这项法案的通过赋予军队特别的权力。