连系动词的分类及用法说明

连系动词是表示不完全谓语关系的动词，用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的状态，性质，特征或身份等。它与其后的表语一起构成谓语。

一、连系动词的分类

连系动词根据其意义特点可分为以下几类：

(1) 表示状态的，如 be, seem，appear, keep, remain, stay, stand, lie, sit, continue等。

(2) 表示变化的, 如 become, get, turn, grow, go, come, fall, run 等。

(3)表示知觉的，如 look, feel, sound, smell, taste等。

(4) 表结果的，如 prove, turn out等。

二、连系动词的用法说明

连系动词后通常跟名词或形容词作表语；有时也可跟代词、数词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、分词、从句等。如：

Helen became an electronic engineer. 海伦成了一名电子工程师。(名词)

According to the weather report, the weather will continue fine till this weekend. 据天气预报,到本周末天气仍然很好。 (形容词)

This is not something that money can buy. 这可不是金钱能买到的。 (代词)

Alice was the first to arrive. 艾利斯第一个到。(数词)

He will be away for two months. 他将外出两个月。(副词)

That looks like an interesting film. 那看来是部有趣的电影。(介词短语)

The old man seems to have forgotten everything he learnt at school. 这们老人似乎把在学校里学的一切东西都忘光了。(不定式)

Their job was painting the boat. 他们的工作是油漆小船。(动名词)

Gone is the one who held me dearest in the world. 世界上最疼我的那个人去了。（过去分词）

Skiing is more exciting than skating. 滑雪比溜冰更使人兴奋。（现在分词）

That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields. 这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。(从句)

注：副词通常不用作表语，少数能用作表语的副词主要仅于in, on, off, out, away, behind, up, down, over, through, around, round, below, inside, outside 等少数副词小品词以及here, there, upstairs, downstairs等少数表示地点或方位的副词。