those后接定语的六种类型

■湖南  陈穆嘉

类型一 those后接形容词（短语）作定语

those后接形容词（短语）作定语时，通常可视为一个省略的定语从句（即定语从句省略了“用作主语关系代词+系动词be”）。如：

All those eligible will receive a cash handout. 所有符合条件的人都将得到一笔救济款。

There was public outcry from those opposed to abortion. 反堕胎人士公开大声抗议。

The meat is divided up among all those present at the kill. 在猎杀现场的人把肉分了。

They demanded that those responsible be brought to justice. 他们要求将责任人缉拿归案。

the needs of those unable to respond to the imperatives of an enterprise culture. 那些不能积极响应企业文化核心要求的人的需求

类型二 those后接现在分词（短语）作定语

若those与其后动词之间为主谓关系，则动词用现在分词。如：

Buses carry 30 per cent of those travelling by road. 公交车承载了公路交通客流量的30%。

The new law clearly benefits those earning the most money. 新法律显然使那些收入最高的人受益。

All those appearing on the register must notify the authorities of any change of address. 登记簿上的地址变更必须通知相关机构。

类型三 those后接过去分词（短语）作定语

若those与其后动词之间为被动关系，则动词用过去分词。如：

Only 18 percent of those surveyed opposed the idea. 被调查者中只有 18%的人反对该主张。

The church service is a memorial to those killed in the war. 教堂里举行的仪式是纪念在战争中牺牲的人们。

All those invited to next week’s peace conference have accepted. 所有受邀参加下星期和平会谈的人都已同意出席。

注：有时过去分词还可以带有修饰语。如：

The badly wounded have [take] priority for medical attention over those only slightly hurt.  重伤号比轻伤号优先得到医疗照顾。

Counselling is being given to those most immediately affected by the tragedy. 目前正在向惨剧的最直接受害者提供咨询服务。

类型四 those后接不定式短语作定语

若those后动词表示的是将要发生的情况，则动词用不定式。如：

I’m going to sort these old books into those to be kept and those to be thrown away. 我打算把这些旧书分成要留下的和要扔掉的两类。

类型五 those后接介词短语作定语

those后接介词短语作定语时，通常可视为一个省略的定语从句（即定语从句省略了“用作主语关系代词+系动词be”）。如：

Have some consideration for those without a job. 体谅一下那些没有工作的人。

You do have to consider the feelings of those around you. 你的确需要考虑周围人的感受。

Requirements for feminine nutrition are different from those for men. 女性的营养需求与男性不同。

The group has little influence over those outside its own ranks. 这个团体对非成员没什么影响力。

There is no alternative for those with no car of their own. 没有私家车的人就没有选择余地了。

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