2010年考研翻译题及参考答案

Part C

Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)

One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.

When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it . We invert excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing. (46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.

It is painful to read these round about accounts today. We have no land ethic yet, (47) but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.

A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. (48) Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on "worthless" species.

Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale vale to pay as timber crops. (49) In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.

To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided. (50) It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. It assumes, falsely, I think, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts.

【参考答案】

46. 科学家们迅速赶来挽救这种局面，他们使用的证据明显站不住脚，大意是说：如果鸟不能控制这些虫子，虫子就会吃光一切。

47. 但是，我们更起码接近了一点，得出了一种观点，即：承认鸟类应该继续享有其作为一种生物物种的权利，不管它们是否对我们具有经济价值。

48. 有一种证据认为，这些生物通过猎杀弱者来保存猎物的健康状态，或者说，这些生物捕杀的只不过是“毫无意义的物种”；曾几何时，生物学家有点滥用这种证据。

49. 在欧洲，其林业在生态上更加发达，公益林木被认为是原始森林群落的一部分，同样应该得到合理保护。

50. 这种观点很可能会忽视，因而最终会消除土地群落里的很多重要因素，虽然这些要素缺乏商业价值，但对土地的健康机制而言，他们却至关重要。

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