高中英语 语法陷阱题800例-时态

◆典型陷阱题分析◆

1. “I _____ his telephone number.” “I have his number, but I ____ to bring my phone book.”

A. forget, forget                                        B. forgot, forgot

C. forget, forgot                                        D. forgot, forget

【陷阱】容易误选A，认为“忘记”是现在的事。

【分析】仔细体会一下对话的语境：第一个人说“我忘记他的电话号码了”，这个“忘记”应该是现在的情况，即现在忘记了，要不然就没有必要同对方说此话了，故第一空应填 forget；第二个人说“我有他的号码，但我忘记带电话本了”，这个“忘记”应该是过去的情况，即过去忘记带电话本，所以现在电话本不在身上(注意句中的转折连词 but)，故第二空应填 forgot，即答案选应C。请再看一例：

— Oh, I ______ where he lives.

— Don’t you carry your address book?

No, I ______ to bring it.

A. forget, forget                                        B. forgot, forgot

C. forget, forgot                                        D. forgot, forget

答案选C，理由同上。

2. I had hoped to see her off at the station, but I _____ too busy.

A. was                                                     B. had been

C. would be                                              D. would have been

【陷阱】容易误选B或D，认为前句用了had hoped，所以此句谓语要用B或D与之呼应。

【分析】但正确答案为A，前一句谓语用had hoped，表示的是过去未曾实现的想法或打算，可以译为“本想”，而后一句说“我太忙”，这是陈述过去的一个事实，所以要用一般过去时。请做以下类似试题(答案均为A)：

(1) We had hoped to catch the 10:20 train, but _____ it was gone.

A. found                                                  B. had found

C. would find                                           D. would have found

(2) We had hoped that you would be able to visit us, but you _____.

A. didn’t                                                  B. hadn’t

C. needn’t                                                D. would not have

(3) We had wanted to come to see him, but we ____ no time.

A. had                                                      B. had had

C. would have                                           D. would have had

(4) I had expected to come over to see you last night, but someone ______ and I couldn’t get away.

A. called                                                  B. had called

C. would call                                            D. would have called

(5) The traffic accident wouldn’t have happened yesterday, but the driver _______ really careless.

A. was                                                     B. is

C. were                                                    D. had been

3. Dear me! Just _____ at the time! I _____ no idea it was so late.

A. look, have                                            B. looking, had

C. look, had                                              D. looking, have

【陷阱】此题容易误选D，认为第一空用现在分词表伴随，第二空填 have 的一般现在时，以保持与前面时态的一致性。

【分析】其实，此题应选C，第一空应填 look, 因为这是祈使句的谓语；第二空应填 had，因为前一句说“看看时间吧”，这一看当然知道了现在很迟的情形，“不知道这么迟了”显然应是“过去”的事，故应用一般过去时态，许多同学由于忽略这一隐含的语境而误选。

4. “Your phone number again? I _____ quite catch it.” “It’s 4331577”

A. didn’t                                                  B. couldn’t

C. don’t                                                   D. can’t

【陷阱】此题容易误选C，认为此处要用一般现在时态，表示现在“没听清对方的话”。

【分析】其实，此题答案应选A，根据上文的语境“请把你的电话号码再说一遍好吗?”可知“没听清对方的电话号码”应是在说此话以前，故应用一般过去时态。请看以下类似试题：

(1) “Mr Smith isn’t coming tonight.” “ But he _____.”

A. promises                                              B. promised

C. will promise                                         D. had promised

答案选B，“他答应(要来)”应发生在过去。

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