不定式否定式的几点用法注意

■ 定式的否定式的构成

不定式的否定式通常是将否定词not或never置于不定式之前，即构成not to do 或never to do 这样的形式。注意not和never一定要放在不定式符号to的前面，而不是其后面。如：

He told me not to open the door. 他让我别开门。

Take care not to break the glass. 小心别把玻璃杯打碎了。

I told him not to make a mess in the kitchen. 我叫他不要把厨房弄得乱七八槽。

I promise never to smoke again. 我保证再也不抽烟了。

I’ll let you off if you promise never to do it again. 如果你答应以后再不这样做我可以放过你。

■不定式否定式几点值得注意之处

1. 完成式的否定式：如果不定式为完成式，否定词应放在to have之前。如：

She pretended not to have seen him. 她假装没看见他。

You were silly not to have locked your car. 你真笨，竟然没有把汽车锁好。

2. 被动式的否定式：如果不定式为被动式，否定词应放在to be之前。如：

That’s not to be taken too seriously. 这不可看得太认真。

You were lucky not to be killed. 你大难不死，真是好运气。

3. so as to的否定式：如果不定式为so as to或in order to的被动式，则否定词应放在to 之前，而不是放在so as to或in order to整个结构之前。如：

I’m going to leave now, so as not to be late. 我要走了，免得迟到。

I arrived early so as not to miss anything. 我到得很早，以免错过什么。

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