that if是什么意思

■本站特约作者  陈根花  供稿

【问题实例】

有这样一个句子，有同学问，其中的 that if 是什么意思：　　

You will let your friend borrow it, but tell him / her that if the camera is broken again, he / she will have to pay to get it repaired.  你会把照相机借给朋友，但是告诉他（她），如果这次再摔坏，他（她）得自己掏钱去修。

【问题分析】　　

有时that可以与if搭配使用，构成that if这样的形式，这样用时，其中的that 通常用于引导名词性从句（如宾语从句），而其中的if则用于引导条件状语从句。如：　　

He said that if I had time I was to wash the floor. 他说如果我有时间的话就擦一擦地板。　　

He said that if his children were older he would emigrate. 他说如果他的孩子们再大点的话他就会移居国外。　　

Bill said that if he had the instruction manual he would know what to do. 比尔说如果他有说明书他就知道该怎么弄了。　　

He said that if she had loved Tom she wouldn’t have left him. 他说如果她喜欢汤姆的话就不会离开他。　　

He said that if I passed my test he would buy me a car. 他说如果我通过考试，他将给我买辆汽车。　　

He said that if he fell asleep at the wheel she was to wake him up. 他说，如果他在开车时打瞌睡，她必须把他叫醒。　　

He said that if he caught the plane he would be home by five. 他说他如果能赶上那班飞机，5点钟以前就可以到家了。　　

【句型变换】　　

这类句子通常可以将 if 引导的条件从句移至句末而意思不变。如：　　

He said that if he had a permit he could get a job.＝He said that he could get a job if he had a permit. 他说如果他有许可证就能找到工作。　　

He said that if the floods got worse they would have to leave the house.＝He said that they would have to leave the house if the floods got worse 他说如果洪水涨得更高，他们就得离开那所房子。　　

Tom said that if she wanted to stay on she would have to work harder. ＝Tom said that she would have to work harder if she wanted to stay on.  汤姆说她如果想继续留在那儿，就必须更努力地工作。　　

He was sure that if he drank any more of this good red wine he would fall asleep.＝He was sure that he would fall asleep if he drank any more of this good red wine. 他敢肯定如果他再多喝一点这种上乘的红酒，他会睡着的。