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| 强调主语时,人称代词可以用宾格形式 | |||
| 作者:李 翔 文章来源:本站原创 点击数: 更新时间:2009-08-15 |
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■需要说明的是: 一、Randolph Quirk于1972年在A Grammar of Contemporary English中还认为是“非正式用法”,不知什么原因到后来却上升为“这种用法受到广泛的谴责”。 二、既然《美国文学教程》(“Aside from being used as a textbook of American literature for English majors of the university, A Course in American Literature may benefit the broad masses of English learners, considerably, in their advanced studies.”)是供“除了可以被高校英语专业用作美国文学教材外,也可以供进入高级阶段的广大英语学习者使用”,里面出现非正式文体是理所当然的,作为学英语的高级学习者(advanced learners)应该接触各种各样的文体,况且《美国文学教程》所选的文章也未必都是正式文体。 尽管有人认为“强调主语时,人称代词用宾格”属于非正式用法—— 这只是语法专家在研究领域设置的禁令 —— 至于是非正式用法还是正式用法,那是语法专家的事,其他人根本不管,仍然照用不误。请看英美语中,“强调主语时,人称代词用宾格形式”的真实例证: 1. 在BNC(英国国家语料库http://www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk) 和BUY-BNC BRTISH NATIONAL CORPUS (UK,1980s-1993) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University ) http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc/ 上包含“It is/was +人称代词宾格+who/that... ”(关系代词who/that在定语从句中作主语) 的例句分布如下: 2例 It is me who... 4例 It is us who... 1例 It is us that... 32例 It was me who... 14例 It was me that... 3例 It was us who... 1例 It was us that... 2例 It is him who... 1例 It is him that... 5例 It was him who... 8例 It was him that... 3例 It was her who... 3例 It was her that... 1例 It was them who... 4例 It was them that... 2. 在BYU: THE OXFORD ENGLISH DICTIONARY (http://corpus.byu/oed/)上包含“It is/was +人称代词宾格+who/that... ”(关系代词who/that在定语从句中作主语) 的例句分布如下: 1例 It was us who... 1例 It was her that... ( 1970 Or perhaps it was us who had lured him over to the other side of the fence. (笔者译:可能是我们诱惑他翻越到篱笆的另一边。) 3. 在TIME CORPUS OF AMERICAN ENGLISH (1923-2006) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University ) (http://corpus.byu.edu/time) 上包含“It is/was +人称代词宾格+who/that... ”(关系代词who/that在定语从句中作主语) 的例句分布如下: 2例 It was me that... (1931/04/20 ... just don't tell anyone it was me that saved you. (笔者译:……只是不要告诉任何人是我就了你。)
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