2. By so doing, the Party has guaranteed that the correct road of reform and opening up and building a modernized socialist China never changed.

【问题分析】这句话的主句谓语动词用的是现在完成时has guaranteed，不知为何从句谓语动词使用一般过去时changed？按照guarantee（确保）一词的用法，其后接从句时一般使用将来时。建议改为：By so doing, the Party has guaranteed that the correct road of reform and opening up and building a modernized socialist China will never be changed.

3. Every Chinese person who experienced and contributed to the transformation of the past 30 years should feel proud of himself.

I convey our warm greetings to all the compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, and those in Taiwan and overseas, who made great effort to the modernization of the motherland and the great cause of unification.

【问题分析】上述两个句子中的定语从句以使用现在完成时为佳，因为其所表达的行为与现在有关。

五、主谓数一致问题

1. In the past 30 years, while adhering to the basic system of socialism amid profound and extensive changes, we have developed the market economy in a creative way under socialist conditions, which ensure our economic activities conform to the law of value, consistently liberated and developed social productive forces, increased national capacity, and improved people’s livelihoods, thus better fulfilling our central task of economic construction.

【问题分析】定语从句which ensure中的which只能有两种理解：一是指前面整个句子，二是指the market economy。但无论作何种理解，其主语都是单数形式，谓语动词ensure应改为ensures，以保持主谓数一致。

2. Reform and opening up is the essential feature of the new era.

Essentially reform and opening up are in accord with the aspirations of the Party membership and the people and keep up with the trend of the times.

【问题分析】细心的读者可以发现，在上述译文中，reform and opening up这一短语作主语时在数上存在不一致情况，第一句中它被视为单数，第二句中它又被视为复数。这种情况在译文中多次出现。

六、句子结构问题

1. Led by Comrade Deng Xiaoping and supported by other veteran revolutionaries, the Third Plenary Session began correcting "Leftist" mistakes of all forms committed before and during the “cultural revolution,” firmly repudiated the fallacy of the “two whatevers” (i.e. Whatever has been said and done by Mao Zedong is right and whatever has been stipulated by him must not be changed).

【问题分析】从语法结构上分析，这句话的谓语为并列谓语，即began correcting和repudiated，按照英语习惯，在firmly repudiated前加上and更符合英语规范。

2. We must link pressing ahead with changes in the economic base with promoting reform of the superstructure, continuously pushing forward political restructuring and provide institutional and legal guarantees for reform, opening up and socialist modernization.

【问题分析】首先我们看译文的句子结构。这句译文的谓语动词是 link，而pushing forward是分词短语，用来补充说明，这没有问题。但provide在这里作什么成分？如果是并列谓语动词，那么and provide前应该添加一个逗号；如果也是补充说明，那么也应使用分词短语形式，即改为providing。再来比较一下原文：“必须把推动经济基础变革同推动上层建筑改革结合起来，不断推进政治体制改革，为改革开放和社会主义现代化建设提供制度保证和法制保障。”通过分析句子结构，可以看出，“为改革开放和社会主义现代化建设提供制度保证和法制保障”是“把推动经济基础变革同推动上层建筑改革结合起来”和“不断推进政治体制改革”的目的，不是并列关系，因此建议把and provide改为so as to provide，并在其前添加一个逗号。顺带一提的是，译文中有大量由三个以上动词构成的谓语结构，这种译法是值得商榷的。

3. It is a must that all Party members and cadres put the interests of the Party and the people first and firmly bear in mind the "two musts." (The comrades must be taught to remain modest, prudent and free from arrogance and rashness in their style of work. The comrades must be taught to preserve the style of plain living and hard struggle.)

【问题分析】括号里的内容是对 the “two musts” 所作的补充说明，按照英语习惯，应与其放入同一个句子中。因此有两种改法，一是把two musts之后的句号移置括号后，二是使用破折号，作如下修改：It is a must that all Party members and cadres put the interests of the Party and the people first and firmly bear in mind the “two musts” — the comrades must be taught to remain modest, prudent and free from arrogance and rashness in their style of work, and the comrades must be taught to preserve the style of plain living and hard struggle.

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