妙招四  用作结果状语时，可用现在分词或不定式，其原则区别是：一般要用现在分词，不定式用作结果状语主要用于某些特定句式中

1. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, _________ in the natural light during the day.

A. to let                    B. letting                       C. let                         D. having let

【解析】答案选B。此处用现在分词表示结果。又如：It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that place. 大雨滂沱，造成了那个地方洪水泛滥。

2. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _________ a record US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4.

A. have reached         B. reaching                    C. to reach                D. to be reaching

【解析】答案选B。伴随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，用现在分词作结果状语。

注：在enough to do sth, too…to do sth, only to do sth等特定句式中，习惯上要用不定式表示结果。如：

1. He hurried to the booking office only _________ that all the tickets had been sold out.

A. to tell                    B. to be told                   C. telling                    D. told

【解析】答案选B。only to do sth在此表示出人意料的结果。

2. He hurried to the station only _________ that the train had left.

A. to find                   B. finding                      C. found                    D. to have found

【解析】答案选A。only to do sth在此表示出人意料的结果。

妙招五  凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用现在分词的被动式

1. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _________.

A. to be heard            B. to have heard           C. hearing                  D. being heard

【解析】答案选A。根据句意，此处指的是“被听见”，故要用被动式，因此可排除B和C。另外，由于“设法被听见”为目的状语，动作在当时尚未发生，故用不定式，即选A。

2.The repairs cost a lot, but it’s money well _________.

A. to spend                  B. spent                    C. being spent           D. spending

【解析】答案选B。由于money与spend之间为被动关系，故用过去分词。

3. Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title _________ to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection.

A. being given              B. is given                 C. given                   D. was given

【解析】答案选C。由于title与give之间为被动关系，故用过去分词。

妙招六  谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致

1. Faced with a bill for $10, 000, _________.

A. John has taken an extra job                         B. the boss has given john an extra job

C. an extra job has been taken                         D. an extra job has been given to John

【解析】答案选A。由于(be) faced with的逻辑主语是John，故答案只能选A。

2. While watching television, _________.

A. the door bell rang                                      B. the doorbell rings

C. we heard the doorbell ring                          D. we heard the doorbell rings

【解析】答案选C。因为watching的逻辑主语一定是we，排除选项A和B；又因在hear后作宾补的是省略了to的不定式，所以选项D中的rings是错误的。

妙招七  强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或现在分词的完成式）

1. _________from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.

A. Being separated                                         B. Having separated      

C. Having been separated                               D. To be separated

【解析】答案选C。因为Australia与separate是被动关系，且separate发生在谓语动词has之前，所以用现在分词的完成被动式作原因状语。

2. The manager, _________ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room.

A. who has made           B. having made         C. made                     D. making

【解析】答案选B。因为The manager与make是主动关系，且make发生在谓语left之前，所以用现在分词的完成式作状语，having made…相当于who had made…的意思。

妙招八  对于固定搭配，原则上按搭配习惯处理

1. _________ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.

A. Faced                      B. Face                      C. Facing                    D. To face

【解析】答案选A。(be) faced with为固定搭配，其意为“面对”，又如：They are all faced with the same problem. 他们都面临同样的问题。

2. _________ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.

A. Dressed                   B. To dress                C. Dressing               D. Having dressed

【解析】答案选A。(be) dressed in为固定搭配，其意为“穿着……”，句中的Dressed in…表原因，相当于As he is dressed in…的意思。

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