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做非谓语动词题的经典妙招
作者:陈仁祯    文章来源:本站原创    点击数:    更新时间:2008-12-09    
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非谓语动词题的经典妙招

 

■湖南  陈仁祯

 

妙招一 用作目的状语,原则上要用不定式

1. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there _________ for a space flight.

A. training                  B. being trained           C. to have trained       D. to be trained

【解析】答案选D。由于被训练进行航空飞行是他被派往那儿的目的,所以要用不定式,因此可排除AB。另外,由于“他”与“训练”之间为被动关系,故选D

2. _________ this cake, you’ll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour.

A. Having made           B. Make                      C. To make              D. Making

【解析】答案选C。由于是表示目的,故要用不定式,句意为:为了要做这块蛋糕,你需要2只鸡蛋、175克糖和175克面粉。

妙招二  用于名词后作定语时,使用非谓语动词的原则是:用不定式,表示动作尚未发生;用现在分词,表示动作正在进行;用过去分词,表示动作已经发生,同时表示被动意义

1. The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games _________ in Beijing in 2008.

A. hold                     B. holding                     C. held                       D. to be held

【解析】答案选D。由于2008年奥运会尚未举行,故要用不定式。

2. There are hundreds of visitors _________ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh’s paintings.

A. waited                   B. to wait                     C. waiting                    D. wait

【解析】答案选C。由于表示“正在等”,故用现在分词作定语。

3. “Things _________ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.

A. lost                        B. losing                      C. to lost                      D. have lost

【解析】答案选A。因things与动词lose之间为被动关系,故用过去分词。

注:the first, the second…the last修饰的名词或代词后原则上要用不定式作定语。如:

—The last one _________ pays the meal.

—Agreed!

A. arrived                    B. arrives                     C. to arrive                   D. arriving

【解析】答案选C。因为在the first, the second, the third, …, the last等结构后习惯上要接不定式作定语,又如:I’d be the first to admit I might be wrong. 我愿第一个承认我可能错了。You are the second to make that mistake. 你是第二个犯这错误的人。

妙招三  用作伴随状语,原则上要用现在分词

1. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _________, and asked myself what I was going to do.

A. moved                   B. moving                   C. to move                   D. being moved

【解析】答案选B。由于与句子主语I之间为主动关系,且表示当时持续了一会儿,故用现在分词。句意为:当信号灯变绿时,我站在那儿一会儿没动,心想自己该怎么办。

2. Peter received a letter just now _________ his grandma would come to see him soon.

A. said                      B. says                        C. saying                       D. to say

【解析】答案选C。此处用现在分词表伴随,又如:A card came yesterday saying Sue will arrive tomorrow. 昨天收到的明信片上说,休明天到。Alan received a telegram saying his father was ill. 埃伦收到一封电报,说是他父亲生病了。

3. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _________ the same thing.

A. saying                   B. said                       C. to say                      D. having said

【解析】答案选A。现在分词saying在此表示伴随。

4. We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _________ that all children like these things.

A. thinking                 B. think                     C. to think                    D. thought

【解析】答案选A。现在分词thinking在此表示伴随。

 

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