非谓语动词的被动语态

1. 不定式的被动语态

由“to be+过去分词”构成。如：

He needs to be taken care of. 他需要人照顾。

Not a sound was to be heard. 听不到一点声音。

It’s better to be prepared than unprepared. 有准备比没有准备好。

【注】有时用不定式的完成体被动式(to have been+过去分词)：

I should like to have been told the result earlier. 我本想让人把结果早点告诉我。

2. 现在分词的被动语态

由“being+过去分词”构成。如：

The building being repaired is our library. 正在维修的那座楼是我们的图书馆。

Being protected by a wall，he felt quite safe. 有一堵墙保护，他感到很安全。

He was seen being taken away by the police. 有人看见他被警察带走了。

【注】有时用现在分词的完成体被动式(having been+过去分词)：

Having been invited to speak, I’ll start making preparations tomorrow. 因为邀请我去讲话，我明天就得做准备。

3. 动名词的被动语态

由“being+过去分词”构成。如：

She likes being looked at. 她喜欢被人瞧。

He objected to being treated as a child. 他反对被当成孩子看待。

This question is far from being settled. 这个问题远没解决。

4. 过去分词没有被动式

过去分词本身可以表示被动意义，但它没有相应的被动语态形式。如：

The door remained locked. 门仍然锁着。